Above the X Axis Line is positive (+), below the line is negative (-) scaling to your current PID value(s)。 x轴(横轴)之上代表正值(+),x轴(横轴)之下代表负值(-)。
Procedure for setting TPS 设置TPS的方法如下
Configure your multirotor for optimal PID values with OPTune andensure TPS is not enabled. Perform your standard tuning procedure to optimisethe multirotor for normal flight. If you still experience instability of yourmultirotor, such as oscillations on full power climbs or fast descents, performthe following TPS procedure to minimize or eliminate the unwanted behavior.
首先,请不要轻易启用TPS调整设置。请先用OpenPilot工具对飞行器进行配置和各项参数设置、优化。一般的飞行这样已经足够了。如果在满油门爬升或快速下降时候,飞机出现震荡现象的时候,此时启用并设置优化好TPS,能够减少震荡现象,让飞机在快速变化状态下表现得更稳一点。
1. Set the TPS hover point BEFORE you set the throttle hover point, by Set mainthrottle curve to default with the “RESET” button.
Hover your quad to determine the throttle positionfor a stable hover.
点击“Reset”按钮,把主油门曲线设置回默认值。之后,先设置TPS悬停点,再实测一下悬停时候油门推力位置,然后设置主油门曲线悬停点。
Result: Let’ssay it hovers at 40%…
举例:比如我们就假定TPS悬停是在40%油门位置…(实际悬停油门推力在50%位置)
2. Setthe TPS curve so that it crosses the X-axis at 40% thrust.
在TPS曲线中,设置曲线与中间横轴(X轴)的交点在40%位置
3. Setthe main throttle curve so that your quad hovers at 50% throttle. (Leave theTPS curve at 40%.)
设置主油门曲线,让飞机悬停在50%油门位置。(保留TPS曲线悬停在40%位置。)
Expert 专家级配置
界面认识
参数介绍Weak Leveling- Like Rate but slowly level aircraft if controls are zero.
慢回平模式,类似比率模式不同的是,当打杆回中的时候,飞机是慢慢地会水平(回正)
Weak Leveling Gain:慢回正增益调节。默认数值0.10,可调范围是0.01~360.
悬浮信息:In Weal Leveling Mode, this settingacts like Attitude Kp. If you make this setting too high, it can causeoscillations.
意思是:在慢回正模式下,此项参数的效果和自稳模式下的Kp参数效果类似。如果此项数值调得太高,会引起震荡。
Weak Leveling Rate:慢回正角速度,单位是“度/秒”。是一个最大值。默认是5,可调范围是1~360.
悬浮信息:In Weal Leveling Mode, this is themaximum number of degrees per second that weak leveling will move the vehicle.
意思是:在慢回正模式下,此项参数限定了飞机或设备在慢回正时候的最大角速度。
Axis Lock 锁尾设置
Max Axis Lock:最大锁尾角度,可调范围:0~360.
悬浮信息:In Axis Lock Mode, this is the maximumnumber of degrees of correction. If movement by outside force (eg Wind)are less than the set value your vehicle willreturn to center. More than set amount and will only move your vehicle the setamount back to center.
意思是:在锁尾模式下,此项参数设置了最大锁尾修正角度(注意是角度,不是角速度)。假如有外力(比如风)推动了飞机,外力让飞机产生的偏移(摆尾)角度比你设置的角度小,则飞机能自动回中(也就是尾巴回到原始位置);如果外力让飞机产生的偏移角度大于你的设置值,那么飞机只按设定角度回中(这时回中后的尾巴和原始的尾巴是有角度距离的,无法回到原始位置。)
Max Axis Lock Rate:最大锁尾角速度,可调范围:0~360.
悬浮信息:In Axis Lock Mode, this settingcontrol how many degrees per second you can request with the stick beforeOpenPilot stop trying to gently hold its position and goes into normal ratemode. This setting works almost like a dead band. Default value should workfine.
意思是:在锁尾模式下,此项参数设定一个角速度,使得在OpenPilot在停止平缓自我校正姿态并转入正常比率模式之前,用户可以通过打遥控操控杆,让飞机校正姿态的最大角速度。(也就是让用户干预飞机锁尾的最大允许角速度)。此参数的工作原理和效果,跟死区校正类似。一般采用默认值就有很不错的表现。
Rattitude:自稳模式和比率模式转换点设置,是一个百分比数值
Percentageof full stick where the transition from Attitude to Rate occurs. Thistransition always occurs when the aircraft is exactly inverted (bank angle 180degree). Small values are dangerous because they cause flips at small stickangles. Value significantly over 100 act like attitude mode and can never flip.
意思是:通过设置满杆量的百分之多少来设定一个临界点,在此临界点之下是稳定模式,在此点之上则转换为比率模式。设置后,在此点处,飞机刚好倒过来(也就是飞机180度倒置)。设置数值太低了会有危险,因为这时候,你小小打一下杆,飞机就会翻转过来。数值大于100后,飞机就只有自稳模式,永不翻身。
Cruise Control 巡航控制(定速)
原理:While the quad tilts, the thrustamount needed to maintain the same altitude is increased based on 1/cos(bankangle) formula.
当四轴倾斜时,推力的方向发生改变,但需要保持飞机高度不变,那么此时就需要增加推力。增加后推力的计算因子公式是:四轴倾斜角度的余弦值的倒数。1/cos(倾斜角);推力F’= F x1/cos(倾斜角)。
MaxPowerFactor 最大功率(动力)系数(因子)
悬浮信息:Really just a safety limit. 3.0 meansit will not use more than 3 times the power the throttle/collective stick isrequesting.
意思:这是一个安全极限设置值(是一个系数,也叫因子)。默认数值3.0的意思是,输出动力不超过油门杆指令或螺距杆指令的3倍。
PowerDelayComp 动力延时补偿
悬浮信息:Motor response time to go from minthrust to max thrust. It allows thrust anticipation on entering/exitinginverted mode.
意思:从最小油门变化到最大油门时候,马达的响应时间。在进入或退出反向油门模式下,它同样有效。
MaxAngle 最大倾角
悬浮信息:The bank angle where CruiseControlgoes into inverted power mode. InvertedThrustReverse and InvertedPower controlthe direction and amount of power when in inverted mode.
意思:此项设置设定了CruiseControl(定速控制)进入倒置动力模式时候的倾斜角度。InvertedThrustReverse(倒置时的推力反向)和InvertedPower(倒置动力)控制倒置模式下的方向和动力大小。
About angle 关于倾角
Be sure the Max angle you set here forCruiseControl remains greater than Attitude mode response you set here:
AttitudeSetup Advanced tab
This can stop motors while banking at full angle.
务必确保这里设置的定速控制最大倾斜角度要比在稳定模式下设置的attitude的响应角度大。这样在满倾斜角状态下,马达才会停止转动。
PowerTrim 动力微调
悬浮信息:If you find that quickly moving thestick around a lot makes the copter climbing a bit, adjust this number down alittle. It will be a compromise between climbing a little with lots of stickmotion and descending a little with minimal stick motion.
意思:如果你快速打杆,但飞机只爬升一点点,那么可以把这个数值调低一点。这个参数是用来调节大杆量控制小爬升和小杆量控制微下降的程度。
MinThrust定速时的最小推力(油门)
悬浮信息:Throttle/collective stick below thisamount disable cruise control. Also, by default, cruise control forces the use of this valuefor thrust when InvertedPower setting is Zero and the copter is inverted. CPhelis probably want this set to -100%. For safety with fixed pitch copter(including multicopters), never set this so low that the trimmed throttle stickcannot get below it or your motor(s) will still run with the throttle stick allthe way down. Fixed pitch throttle sticks go from -100 to 0 in the first tinybit of throttle stick (and then up to 100 using the rest of the throttlerange), so for example, a lot of “high throttle trim” will keep the stick fromever commanding less than 5% so it won’t be possible to stop the motors withthe throttle stick. Banking the copter in your hand in this state will make themotors speed up.
意思:此参数设置cruisecontrol定速控制的最低油门(推力),一旦小于此设定值,即退出定速模式。还有,在默认下,如果InvertedPower倒置动力设置位0,并且飞机处于倒置姿态下,定速控制会强制使用此项参数值作为油门(推力)。
CP直升机(集合螺距直升机),要设置位-100%。
为安全考虑,固定螺距直升机(包括多轴飞行器),这项不要设置得太低,这样微调油门杆调节时候,就不会低于设定低值。不然得话(设定太低得话),即使油门杆放到最低值,马达也会转动。
固定螺距(FP)油门杆要设置成油门行程开始的一小部分就是从-100到0,然后剩下的油门行程就是从0到100. 这样做的效果,例如,即使很多“high throttle trim”高油门微调,也会然打杆的输出指令控制在5%以下,这样就不会在调杆(执行油门微调动作)时候,让马达停止转动。此时,如果你手拿着飞机,并然飞机倾斜,你会发现,马达会有加速现象。
MinThrust safety定速时的最小推力(油门)的安全警告
For safety with fixed pitchcopters (including multicopters), never set this so low so itwon't be possible to stop Cruise Control feature with the throttle stick.Banking the copter in your hand in this state will make the motorsautomatically speed up.
为安全考虑,固定螺距直升机(包括多轴飞行器),这项不要设置得太低,这样油门杆即使在低位也不会造成退出定速控制。此时,如果你手拿着飞机,并然飞机倾斜,你会发现,马达会有加速现象。
MaxThrust 最大油门(推力)
悬浮信息:Multi-copters should probably use 80%to 90% to leave some headroom for stabilization. CP helis can set this to 100%.
意思: 多轴飞行器要设置80%到90%,这样就给飞机稳定调整留一些调节空间。CP直升机可以设置到100%。
InvrtdThrustRev倒置油门反向
悬浮信息:CP helis can set this Reversed toautomatically reverse the direction of thrust when inverted. Fixed pitchcopters, including multi-copters, should set this at Unreversed. Unreverseddirection with Boosted power may be dangerous because it adds power and thethrust direction moves the aircraft towards the ground.
意思:CP直升机可以设置成Reversed,这样,直升机倒置时候,油门就会自动反向。
FP直升机,包括多轴飞行器,要设置在Unrevrsed不反向。在Boosted power(动力增强)下如果设置Unrevrsed(不反向),会很危险。因为这样会在油门方向附加额外动力,让飞机冲向地面。容易引起炸机。
InvertedPower倒置油门(动力)
悬浮信息:The amount of power used when ininverted mode. Zero(minthrottle stick for fixed pitch copters including multicopters, neutralcollective for CP),Normal (uses stick value), or Boosted (boosted according to bank angle).Beginning multicopter pilots should leave this set to Zero to automaticallyreduce throttle during flips. Boosted power with Unreversed direction may bedangerous because it adds power and the thrust direction moves the aircrafttowards the ground.
意思:设定在倒置模式下的油门量。有三种,分别是:Zero (0是FP直升机和多轴的最小油门杆量,或者是CP直升机的中位螺距杆量),Normal(正常,使用摇杆打杆量),或者Booseted(附加量,根据倾斜角度进行附加油门)。
多轴新人,这里要设置为Zero(0),这样在做跟斗的时候,就能自动削减油门量。在Boosted power(动力增强)下如果设置Unrevrsed(不反向),会很危险。因为这样会在油门方向附加额外动力,让飞机冲向地面。容易引起炸机。
定速模式设置举例(固件版本需15.09以上)Goto Configuration > Input > FlightMode Switch Settings
到配置模块页面李,选择输入标签页面,在飞行模式开关设置区域下进行设置
Inthis example we have set the stabilized3 with Rattitude for Roll/Pitchand CruiseControl as thrust option.
在上面的例子中,第三组参数(stabilized3),把Roll和Pitch设置成Rattitude, 把推力(Thrust)设置成定速控制(CruiseControl)。
Sensor Tuning 传感觉调节Gyro Noise Filtering 陀螺仪噪声滤波
悬浮信息:In effect, a vibrations filter for thegyro. Default 0.005 – Max 0.020.
意思:实际上,它就是陀螺仪的振动滤波器。 默认值0.005 - 最大值0.020。
Accl P 加速度计P值(比例值)
悬浮信息:The proportion term for accelerometer,the higher this term, the more weight the accel is given.
意思:(滤波器内)加速度计P值,是加速计的比例项,该值越高,加速度的权重越大。
Accl I 加速度计I值(积分值)
悬浮信息:The integral term for theaccelerometer within the filter.
意思:滤波器内加速度计的积分项,
Instant Update:即时更新(参数)
Updateflight controller in real time 意为即时更新飞控参数。
悬浮信息“Enabling this feature mean that anychanges made to the sliders will be instantly sent and used by the FlightController, useful for two person tuning where one normally flies and oneschange the GCS." 启用改功能,可以让地面站软件上对各种滑块参数的调整能够即时加载在飞控上,被飞控即时应用。这个功能很好用,需要一个人在飞,另一个人在地面站软件里调参。能实时知道调参效果,赞。
Altitude Hold 高度保持设置
如上图所示
Note: Altitude Hold tab is notavailable on CC3D, Atom or CopterControl boards
注意:高度保持页面对CC3D和Atom或者CopterControl( CC)飞控板子是无效的,呈灰色。
Altitude Hold高度保持
Tuning 调节
Control Coefficients控制因子(系数)
Altitude Proportional:高度比例
悬浮信息:How fast the vehicle should climb ordescent to compensate a certain altitude difference. Higher values could resultin more accurate altitude hold but also more violent control actions, lowervalues are safer and ensure smoother flight. The default value should be finefor the majority of crafts.
意思:设定了飞行器补偿高度偏差的爬升或下降速度。数值设置得越高,高度保持得越精确,但操控起来也会也暴力;数值设得越低,会更安全,操控也更顺滑。默认数值可以适用大多数飞行器。
Velocity Proportion: 速度比例值
悬浮信息:How much the vehicle should throttleup or down to compensate or achieve a certain vertical speed. Higher valueslead to more aggressive throttle changes and could lead to oscillations. Thisis the most likely candidate to change depending on the crafts engine thrust.Heavy draft with weak engines might require higher values.
意思:设定了飞行器补偿或达到某个垂直高度上的速度值时候的油门升降量。数值设置得越高,油门变化越快,并可能引起震荡;根据不用飞机得引擎推力的不同,要重点调节这个参数。比如,用较弱的引起拉较重的飞机时,这个数值要设置得大一些。
Velocity Integral 速度积分值
悬浮信息:How fast the vehicle should adjust itsneutral throttle estimation. Altitude assumes that when engaged the throttle isin the range required to hover. If the throttle is a lot higher or lower, itneeds to adjust this “throttle trim”. Higher values make it do this adjustmentfaster, but this could lead to ugly oscillations. Leave at default unless youknow what you are doing.
意思: 此项设定了多块区调节预计得油门中位。在飞机启动时,由高度确定了实现悬停所需的油门范围。
如果油门过高或过低,则需要调节此“throttletrim”(油门微调)。数值越高,则调节速度越快,但副作用就是可能引起猛烈震荡。除非你很懂,不然,请采用默认设置即可。
Throttle/Collective Stick Response 油门/螺距杆响应调节
Exponential指数(感度)调节
悬浮信息:Thrust exponential value.
意思:油门推力指数(感度)值
Max Vertical Velocity 最大垂直速度调节
悬浮信息:Maximum allows vertical velocity inm/s.
意思:允许的最大垂直速度,单位是米/秒。
Instant Update:即时更新(参数)
Update flight controller in real time 意为即时更新飞控参数。
悬浮信息“Enabling this feature mean that anychanges made to the sliders will be instantly sent and used by the FlightController, useful for two person tuning where one normally flies and oneschange the GCS." 启用改功能,可以让地面站软件上对各种滑块参数的调整能够即时加载在飞控上,被飞控即时应用。这个功能很好用,需要一个人在飞,另一个人在地面站软件里调参。能实时知道调参效果,赞。
稳定配置总结
Effectof settings and stabilization modes各项系数设定对各稳定模式的效果(影响)
CameraStabilisation Configuration 摄像头稳定配置Basic Camera Stabilization Configuration基本摄像头稳定配置 Select "Gimbal" 如左图,鼠标点击摄像机图标,标识是“Gimbal”云台的意思。
Activate the CameraStabilization module and definethe output channels
在Activate theCameraStabilization module左侧的小方框中点勾(如下图左上角),开启摄像及稳定功能模块,然后定义输出通道(如下图右下角)。
If you have a Quadrocopter with 4 motor outputs, youwill likely want to use channels 5 and 6.
如果你是CC3D飞控应用在四轴飞行器上,有四个马达,那么云台的配置可能就会用到前四个通道以外的通道,比如第五,第六通道。
Also set the range your servos have.
还要设置舵机的输出范围。
Save your settings, go to the "Firmware"tab, and reset your board.
点击右下角保存按钮进行保存,然后转到GCS界面下方,点击“Firmware”页面,重置飞控板子。
Select "Output" 然后点击Configuration页面,在左侧侧边栏找到如左图所示的输出页面
Be sure to set the bank for channel 5 and 6appropriate to your Servos (50Hz for analog servos, 330 Hz for digital servos)
在此处正确配置第5第6通道所在的分段所对应的舵机Update rate(刷新频率)
(50Hz for analog servos, 330 Hz for digital servos)
注意模拟舵机刷新率是50Hz, 数字舵机刷新率是330Hz。
Enter "2000" as max value for channel 5and 6, and "1500" as neutral.
第5第6通道的最大值设置为"2000"(微秒),中位值设置为"1500"(微秒)。
如下图
Now power up your board with a battery (or a 5vbench power source) and select a flight mode with "Attitude" forpitch and roll. The servos should react to roll and pitch.
设置完上面以后,就可以给飞控板通电,注意电压是+5V(用电池或5伏的工作台电源),并选择一个具有俯仰和侧滚“姿态”的飞行模式。 舵机应该对侧滚和俯仰作出反应。
Output Configuration 输出配置
PWM mode has a configurable update rate, from 50Hz to 490Hz. The usual rate for multicopter speed controllers is 490Hz, but if the channel is used to drive a servo, 50Hz (analog servo) or 330Hz (Digital servo) should be used.
The mode selection is PWM, PWMSync (Simonk Esc) and OneShot125 (BLHeli Esc). See the PWM, PWMSync, Oneshot Output page for more details.
Each bank settings are applied to a specific number of output(s), look at colors code.
Update Rate右侧的方框中:如果是PWM输出制式的接收机的话,可以对刷新(取样)频率进行配置,配置范围是从50赫兹到490赫兹。通常多轴飞行器的马达控制频率是490Hz。但如果是PWM驱动的是模拟舵机的话,只能配置在50赫兹,PWM驱动的是数字舵机的话,要配置在330赫兹。
Mode右侧的选择方框中:有PWM,PWMSync(使用Simonk电调的话要设置成PWMSync),OneShot125(BLHeli电调用)共三种供选择。详细设置方法,请参考PWM, PWMSync, Oneshot Output小节的设置介绍。
上面UpdateRate和Mode右侧的选择框中的每一项设置,都要根据对应输出的类型和要求设置。
Output channelConfiguration 输出通道配置The outputsignal to the channel can be set using the widgets in this section. The neutralspeed is important - it is the slowest speed the motor will start and runconsistently. In flight, the flight controller will not command the motor belowthis level during normal manoeuvres.
在这里,可以配置输出给通道的输出信号。注意设置好中位速度非常重要。中位速度是马达起转时候的最低稳定速度。在飞行的时候,正常情况下,在低于此设定值下,飞控是不会给马达指令的,就是靠这个速度匀速(怠速)转动。
Youcan set the motors to spin at the neutral speed when armed, and even if thethrottle is set below zero.
This option is mandatory if you want to use the
ASWA(Always Stabilized While Armed)feature.
在这里,可以设置马达解锁以后以中位速度起转,即使是油门杆放到零位以下,也是按这个速度转动。
Live testing 动态测试This checkboxallows the channel outputs to be tested. Remove propellers first!
此勾选框勾选以后,允许立即测试输出情况(也就是改动后马上有效)。注意要先卸桨。
Banks andOutputs 对输出进行分段管理Here is atypical configuration used with a Flying Wing and a CC3D board. Banks are notthe same in all boards.
下图是一个在飞翼上应用CC3D飞控例子的典型配置。注意,对于不同CC3D飞控板子,输出的分段管理配置会有不同。
All outputs are organized in Banks, displayedabove using colors. This setup should run digital servos(333Hz) and standard Esc (50Hz).
如上图中不同颜色所示,GCS输出配置界面中使用不同颜色代表不同的分段。当前图中,Update rate
出现了333Hz和50Hz,可以看出,这是使用了3个数字舵机(333Hz)和1个标准电调(50Hz)
The bank one (Green) cover the outputs channels 1,2,3 and run PWMat 333Hz update rate.
第一段(绿色标识)包含了第1,2,3输出通道和输出信号制式是PWM,并且工作在333Hz刷新率上。
The bank two (Cyan) cover outputs 11 (not used) and output 4is used for motor with PWM / 50Hz.
第二段(天蓝色标识)包含第11通道(上图配置中第11通道闲置未配置)和第4输出通道,第四输出通道被配置为PWM制式输出,刷新率为50Hz.
The bank three (Yellow) is currently not used but any output modecan be selected for outputs 5, 7 or 8, without interfere with the rest of thesystem.
第三段(黄色标识)包含第5,7,8通道,上图配置中并未启用,但可以根据用户需求,可以从下拉选择列表中对输出制式进行选择配置,不会影响系统的其他功能。
Last bank four (Purple) is used for the second aileron servo onoutput 6 and run PWM at 333Hz update rate.
第四段(紫色标识)包含第6,9,10通道,如上图中,第6通道被配置为另一个副翼舵机控制,采用PWM制式,刷新频率是333Hz.
This example show how outputs / banks need to be selected if youwant to setup a custom output mapping.
下图是实物飞机,对应上面配置界面中各分段管理,可以看出实物与配置的一一对应关系。
Calibration 校准If you have an offset in the Pitch or Roll angle,change the Neutral Settings for the servo in one or the other direction tocompensate for the offset. Click Save to see the result immediately.
如果发现在俯仰或横滚轴向上有角度偏差,可以调节舵机中位往一个方向或另一个方向移动进行补偿校正。点击保存以后就可以马上看到调节效果。
Click on the slider bar to apply steps of 10.
点击滑块进行调节,步长是10.
TxPID遥控调节PID如左侧图标,进入TxPID模块设置页面
Module Control模块控制Enable the module
启用此模块。
By default, the module is not enabled to "savememory" on CopterControl. If you want to use the module, the first thingyou need to do is enable it.
CC板子,为了节省内存开支,此模块默认下是停用状态。如果用户需要用到此功能,第一件事就是启用此模块功能。
Click the checkbox to Enable TxPIDmodule, then click Save to store your option, pause, andpower cycle the board.
在“Enable TxPID module”左边的小方框打上勾勾,然后点击Save进行保存设置,系统会停顿一下,然后需要拔掉飞控电源,再重新插上电源。
ModuleSettings 模块设置You can adjust a maximum of 3 independent instances.Each instance can control a stabilization value based on a transmitter input.
如上图,最多有3个独立的Instance(调节对象)可供调节。遥控输入通过每一组Instance(调节对象)控制着稳定参数值,这样就实现了用遥控直接调节参数的目的。
PID optionPID控制选项This is the stabilization value you want to adjust.
The rate values are mapped to the RateStabilization Coefficients (Inner Loop)
The attitude values are mapped to the AttitudeStabilization Coefficients (Outer Loop)
file:///C:/Users/Bruce/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png If you want tocontrol both Roll and Pitch values (e.g., in the case of a multi-rotor,) thenyou can choose the option Roll+Pitch. (***There is no need to link thevalues on the Stabilization page.)
file:///C:/Users/Bruce/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png 如果你想要同时控制Roll和Pitch数值(例如在多旋翼飞行器上),那么你可以选着 Roll+Pitch选项,但并不需要再稳定配置页面中去把Roll和Pitch连接起来(进行联动)
(译者注:此处多旋翼是指完全对称的多旋翼,比如正X多旋翼,如果是长X多旋翼,那么Roll和Pitch轴向上的结构有区别,重量分布也有区别,流体动力响应等等都有区别,最好是单独调节的好。)
Control Source 控制源The Control Source is the transmitter input usedwith this instance. It can be one of the accessory channels or the throttlechannel.
控制源 Control Source就是遥控器的输入通过此对应的instance(调节对象)。可以是任何辅助通道中的一个,甚至可以是油门通道。
· Ifan accessory channel is selected, then its range will be mapped to the PIDoption range [Min..Max] defined for this instance.
如果选中任何一个辅助通道,那么改通道的行程将映射到instance(调节对象)定义的最小最大[Min..Max]范围内的PID数值范围。
· Ifthe throttle channel is chosen, then the throttle range [Min..Max] will bemapped to the PID range [Min..Max] defined for this instance. If the throttleis out of bounds, then the PID Min. and Max. values will be used accordingly.
如果使用油门通道,那么油门行程的最小最大值范围将映射到instance(调节对象)定义的最小最大[Min..Max]范围内的PID数值范围。如果油门数值超过界限,那么将使用最小或最大PID值。
Minimum and Maximum 最小值和最大值The Min. and Max. values specify the range wherethe ControlSource can operate. It is advised to carefully select theminimum and maximum values of the range that you map your control to. If yourmaximum value is set incorrectly, then the slightest change of your controlchannel may have a huge impact on the stabilization value.
最小值和最大值限定了控制源 Control Source所能够调节的PID值范围。建议要根据自己的遥控器小心选择PID调节行程的最大和最小值。如果最大值设置得不好不正确,那么稍微动一动遥控的通道(调节按钮或开关),就会产生很大的稳定参数值,这样一来,就很难精细调节了。
file:///C:/Users/Bruce/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png It is possible toset PID minimum value greater then the maximum value. In this case, increasingthe control input will decrease the PID stabilization value. A useful exampleis to decrease the PID value when increasing throttle on airplanes.
file:///C:/Users/Bruce/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png 此处可以设置PID得最小值比最大值大!!这此情况下,增加输入控制,反而会降低PID稳定参数值。这应用在固定翼飞机上是很有用的,此时加大油门,PID值反而降低。
The minimum, maximum and control values are bound tothe values on the
Expert tab of the
Stabilization page. Please make sure that you specify the correct Min.and Max. values corresponding with the
Expert values.
最小值、最大值和控制值绑定到“稳定”页面的“
专家”选项卡上设置的值。请确保你设置的最小最大值和
专家级设置中的数值一致。
Throttle Range 油门行程范围When the throttle is used as a Control Source, thenthe minimum and maximum can be bound to a specific range of the throttlechannel. The default values are 0.2 as Min. and 0.8 as Max. The throttle signalrange from the transmitter is mapped to a 0 to 1 range, meaning that the PIDvalue will only be changed if you move the throttle between 0.2 and 0.8 (oractually between 20% and 80%) of your TX throttle range.
当把油门行程作为控制源Control Source,那么最小最大值就可以绑定到油门行程的特定范围(也就是截取油门行程中的一部分)。默认设置是最小值0.2,最大值0.8. 而遥控器发出的油门信号范围是从0到1。这意味着只有油门杆位置落在0.2到0.8之间时(或者20%到80%),PID值才发生改变。
Update Mode 更新模式The setting of the update mode defines how themodule updates the values.
更新模式设置决定了TxPID如何去更新设置的数值。
· Never: Although the TxPID Module isenabled, it will never update the stabilization values.
· WhenArmed:The stabilization values will only be updated when the board is armed.
· Always: The stabilization values willalways be updated.
· Never(永不)更新方式,尽管TxPID模块功能被激活,但不更新稳定参数值。
· When Armed:只有当解锁以后,才更新稳定参数值
· Always马上更新方式:稳定参数值一旦发生改变,马上更新。
Note that none of the stabilization values onthe
Stabilization page can be manually updated in the GCS if theTxPID module is actively updating! Even if you selected other PID values in themodule, you cannot update other stabilization values in the GCS. An easyworkaround is to set the
Update Mode to
When Armed.This allows you to update the other stabilization values through the GCS if theboard is not armed.
请注意,如果TxPID模块正在更新,则无法在GCS中手动更新Stabilization页面上的稳定参数值!即使是你选择其他参数,也是无法手工通过GCS调节的。一个简易的解决方法是把Update Mode设置成When Armed.这样,在未解锁状态下,就可以通过GCS手工调节其他PID值了。
Example 举例
In the following example we will control the Kpvalue from the roll rate stabilization on the inner loop.
在下面的例子中,我们将演示如何控制内循环运算的侧滚比率稳定参数Kp值。
Suppose we have a transmitter with a variable knobassigned to an aux channel of the receiver. The channel should already bedetected and calibrated accordingly on the
Input tab.In above example, the channel is bound to Accessory0.
假设我们的遥控器有一个可变旋钮并已经与接收机的一个辅助通道绑定,动这个旋钮,对应的辅助通道行程就发生改变。确保此时对应的副主通道已经在
输入配置中侦测到并正确校准过。在上图例子中,该通道绑定到控制源Accessory0(辅助通道0).
We select the PID option Roll Rate.Kp andassign it to our Accessory0 ControlSource.
Furthermore, we set the Min of the range on 0.0015 and the Max ofthe range on 0.0095.
This way, the knob on the TX will set the value 0.0015 as Roll Rate.Kp whenturned on minimum and 0.0095 when fully turned on maximum.
在选项框 PID option中选择Roll Rate.Kp(侧滚比率的P值)并指定到辅助通道 Accessory0 作为控制源Control Source。然后把最小P值设置为0.0015,最大P值设为0.0095.这样设置以后,遥控器上的旋钮旋到最小位置时,代表P值是0.0015,旋钮旋到最大位置时,代表P值是0.0095.
EasyTune简易调参Overview概述EasyTune allow modifying Pitch/Roll/YawPIDs settings using only two potentiometers on RC transmitter.
简易调参EasyTune方法,可以利用遥控器上的2个电位器对Pitch/Roll/Yaw的PID值进行调节,如下图:
Basicsetup 基本设置方法RcInput: Setup at least one variable knob as Accessory(two knobs preferred to cover Pitch and Roll axis at same time).
在遥控输入配置页面,最少要有一个电位器(遥控的旋钮/滑块/遥杆等)作为辅助通道。(最好是有2个电位器,可以同时控制Pitch轴和Roll轴)。
TxPID > Module Settings: 进入TxPID,启用TxPID,保存,然后断开电池和USB线,再重新插上电池和USB线,然后再Module Settings(模块设置)区域进行设置:
· Choosethe PIDbank you want to use, 在PID Option下的下拉菜单中选择要调节的某项PID参数
· Setuptwo instances with EasyTuneRatePitch and/or EasyTuneRateRoll,设置两档Instance来调节EasyTuneRatePitch(简易调节Pitch的PID值)或 EasyTuneRateRoll,(简易调节Roll的PID值)
· Affectthe Accessory inputyou want for every instance, 设置对应的辅助通道和对应电位器
· Definelimits,this refers to the range you want for the Proportionnal (P) Rate value.指定最小最大值进行设置调节范围,这个范围是针对比例值的,也就是比例值的调节范围。
Update mode: You can choose 'Always' initially and look how thePID values change in stabilization tab.
更新模式:可以选着'Always'始终,并在稳定设置选项卡中查看PID值如何变化。
EasyTuneSettings: 简易调节设置Please note those factors are the same used in theprevious OPTune process / spreadsheet, default values are just fine but you canplay later with sliders and see the behavior changes.
请注意,这些因子与上面的OPTune(基本设置)过程/电位器使用的相同,默认值也可以直接使用,后面你也可以自己使用滑块来改变并查看参数值得变化情况。